Appendix B - Some Meteorological Terms and JargonsAB - Air Base
AFB - Air Force Base
AFGWC - Air Force Global Weather Central
AFTN - Airfield Fixed Telecommunications Network
AI - Artificial Intelligence
AIREP - Aircraft (weather) Report
AMOS - Automatic Meteorological Observing Station
AOR - Area of Responsibility
APT - Automatic Picture Transmission
ASDAR - Aircraft Satellite Data Acquisition and Relay
ASDL - Aircraft Satellite Data Link
ATCF - Automated Tropical Cyclone Forecast system
ATCR - Annual Tropical Cyclone Report
ATL - Atlantic (Ocean)
AUST - Australia (region)
AUTODIN - Automated Digital Network
AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
AWN/AWS - Automated Weather Network/Automated Weather Station
AWS - Air Weather Service
BAM - NHC beta and advection model for TC track forecasting (Marks, 1989)
CCC - Tropical cyclone Central Cold Cover
CDO - Tropical cyclone Central Dense Overcast
CD-ROM - Compact Disk and Read Only Memory type, or laser disk
CENTPAC - Center Pacific
CI - Current Intensity number of a tropical cyclone
CLIM - Climatological forecast model
CLIPER - Climatology and Persistence model
CNMI - Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
CPHC - Central Pacific Hurricane Center, NOAA, at Honolulu
CSC - Cloud System Center
CSUM - Colorado State University statistic tropical cyclone motion Model (Matsumoto, 1984)
DAPP - Data Acquisition and Processing Program
da. or d. - day, 1 mean solar day has 86400 mean solar sec., and 1 sidereal day has 86164.1 mean solar sec.
Det 1 - Detachment 1, Pacific Air Forces (PACAF)
DLM - Deep Layer Mean (meteorological field in the troposphere)
DMSP - Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
DOC - Department of Commerce
DOD - Department of Defense
DOT - Department of Transportation
EASTPAC - Eastern Pacific
ECMWF - European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England
ECT - Enhanced Cloud Top
EIR - Enhanced Infrared
EJTWC - Evaluation (for OPEVAL)
ENSO - El Nino and Southern Oscillation
eof - end of file
EOF - Empirical Orthogonal Function
EWC - Eye Wall Cloud
FBAM - Full troposphere Beta Advection Model
FDL - Forecast Difficulty Level
FNMOC - Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center, Monterey, CA, USA
GHz - Gigahertz (frequency)
GMS - Geostationary Meteorological Satellite
GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite
GTS - Global Telecommunications System (WMO)
HANDAR - Type of AMOS equipment
HF - High Frequency
hPa - hectoPascal, an atmospheric pressure unit, 1 hPa equals 1 mb.
HPAC - Half Persistence and Climatology
hr(s) - hour(s), a time unit, one hour is 3600 seconds.
HURISK - HUrricane RISK analysis program (US NHC)
HURRAN - HURRicane ANalogue
IND - Indian (Ocean)
IOP - Intensive Observation Period
IR - Infrared Radiation
ITCZ - Inter-tropical Convergence Zone
JMA - Japan Meteorological Agency
JSDF - Japan Self Defense Force
JSM - Japan Spectral Model
JTWC - Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center West/Joint Typhoon Warning Center, Guam
km - kilometer, a length unit, one km is 1000 meters.
kt - knot, a speed unit, one knot is one nautical mile per hour and is 0.514791 m/s.
LEB - Leading Edge Band
LLCC - Lower Level Circulation Center
m - meter, a length unit.
mb - millibar, an atmospheric pressure unit, 1 mb equals 1 hPa and is 0.001359504 kg per square centimeters.
m/s - meters per second, a speed unit.
MBAM - Medium Beta Advection Model
MCC - Meso-scale Convective Complex
McIDAS - Man-computer Interactive Data Acquisition System
MCS - Meso-scale Convective System
METSAT - Meteorological Satellite
MFE - Mean Forecast Error
MIDDAS - Meteorological Imagery, Data Display, and Analysis System
MPI - Maximum Potential Intensity of a tropical cyclone
MSLP - Mean Sea Level Pressure
MSU - Microwave Sounder Unit
MWR - Maximum horizontal Wind Radius
MWS - Maximum horizontal Wind Speed
NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAVEASTOCEANCEN - Naval Eastern Oceanography Center
NAVWESTOCEANCEN - Naval Western Oceanography Center
NESDIS - National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service
NEXRAD - Next Generation Weather Radar
NH - Northern Hemisphere
NHC - National Hurricane Center, Miami, FL, USA
NHOP - National Hurricane Operations Plan, yearly US NOAA/DOC publication
NIO - North Indian Ocean
NM, nm or nmi - Nautical mile, a distance unit, 1 US nm is 6080.21 ft (1853.248 m), 1 British Admiralty nm is 6080 ft (1853.184 m), 1 International nm is 6076.1 ft (1852 m).
NMC - National Meteorological Center
NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOARL - Naval Oceanographic and Atmospheric Research Laboratory
NOGAPS - Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System
NORAPS - Navy Operational Regional Atmospheric Prediction System
NPMOC - Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center
NPMOC/W - Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center West
NRL - Naval Research Laboratory
NWP - Northwest Pacific (Ocean)
NWP - Numerical weather prediction
NWS - National Weather Service
WSFO - National Weather Service Forecast Office
OBA - Outer Band Areas
OPEVAL - Operations Evaluation (modified)
OTCM - One-Way influence Tropical Cyclone Model (US Navy)
PAC - Pacific (Ocean)
PBL - Planetary Boundary Layer
PC - Personal Computer
PCN - Position Code Number
PER - PERsistence
PIBAL - Pilot Balloon
PIREP - Pilot Report
Pixel - Picture element
PPI - Plan Position Indicator on a radar scope or display
QBO - Quasi-Biennial Oscillation
QC - Quality Control
QG - Quasi-Geostrophic approximation
QLM - Quasi-Lagrangian Model
RADAR - RAdio Direction And Ranging
RAWIN - Rawinsonde (observation)
RHI - Range Height Indicator on a radar scope or display
RJTD - Call sign for Japan Meteor. Agency (JMA)
RMW - Radius of Maximum horizontal Wind speed
ROCI - Radius of Outer Closed Isobar
RSMC - Regional Specialized Meteorological Center
SBAM - Shallow Beta Advection Model
SH - Southern Hemisphere
SI - Shear Index
SLOSH - Sea, Lake and Overland Surges form Hurricanes
SO - Semi-annual Oscillation
SOI - Southern Oscillation Index
SPECTRUM - Special Experiment Concerning Typhoon Recurvature and Unusual Motion
SRP - Selective Reconnaissance Program
SSM/I - Special Sensor Microwave/Imager
SST - Sea Surface Temperature
StnID - Station Identifier
STY - Super Typhoon
TAPS - Tropical Analysis and Prediction System
TAPT - Typhoon Acceleration Prediction Technique
TATEX - Taiwan Area Typhoon Experiment
TBB - Temperature, Black Body for IR emittance
TC - Tropical Cyclone
TCs - plural of TC
TCFA - Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert
TCM-90/92 - Tropical Cyclone Motion experiment (1990/1992, USA)
TCWC - Tropical Cyclone Warning Center
TD - Tropical Depression
TDs - plural of TD
TDA - Typhoon Duty Assistant
TDO - Typhoon Duty Officer
TIROS - Television and Infrared Radiation Observation Satellite
TOVS - TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder
TRMM - Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission
TS - Tropical Storm
TUTT - Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough
TY - TYphoon
TYAN - TYphoon ANalogue technique
TYMNET - Time-sharing Network
TYPHOON-90 - 1990 Soviet Union oceanographic expedition
UKMET or UKMO - United Kingdom Meteorological Office
USCINCPAC - U.S. Commander-in-Chief, Pacific
USCINCPACINST - United States Commander in Chief, Pacific Command Instruction
USPACOM - U.S. Pacific Command
UTC or UT - Coordinated Universal Time (former Greenwich mean time, GMT). In the US, the official UTC is kept by the US Naval Observatory and is referred to as UTC. Same as Z or ZULU time.
VAS - VISSR (Visual Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer) Atmospheric Sounder
VDUC - VAS Data Utilization Center
VHRR - Very High Resolution Radiometer
VIS - VISible wavelength
VISSR - Visual Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer
WC - Wall Cloud
WMO - World Meteorological Organization
WRS - Weather Reconnaissance Squadron
yr - year
Z or z time - Zulu time, same as Greenwich mean time (GMT)
***** The end of APPENDIX A *****
Section 6 Appendix B - Some Meteorological Terms and Jargons
Chapter 1