1.3 Thermodynamic Requirements for Formation

The formation of TCs whose circulation extends through most of the troposphere is the most difficult task that the tropical atmosphere performs. It is seldom accomplished. The crucial problem in understanding the cyclone formation processes is that of understanding how the 500-200 hPa levels can increase their enthalpy (thermodynamic energy). It appears that this can only be accomplished in areas of weak vertical wind shear. These are areas where the upper tropospheric environmental winds, and the disturbance from which the cyclone forms, move with very much the same direction and speed (Gray, 1975).

Section 1.2 Section 1.4

Chapter 3